PA: Bucks County Classroom Chill

I've predicted this kind of thing for states that are leaning hard into book bans and teacher gag laws, but here's a perfectly good example of how this sort of thing works right here in Pennsylvania.

The process is simple. 

Step One: You put some threats in place, from fines against the school district to possible lawsuits to just the fact that you have increased the likelihood that some agitated parent will feel empowered to call and complain. 

Step Two: Watch all your most conflict-averse school administrators implement far more repression and silencing within their district than you ever dreamed of.

If you've taught for at least a decade, you know the kind of administrator I mean. Raise your hand if you've ever had some version of this conversation.

Administrator: You have got to stop doing X in your classroom. Parents are all upset and I'm getting all kinds of phone calls.

Teacher: How many phone calls?

Administrator: Well, one. But she sounded really angry.

Teacher: So, how many parents?

Administrator: Look, just stop doing X. That's our new policy.

Sometimes, there isn't even this much discussion. The administrator supervising the junior high at my old district simply pulled two novels from the curriculum without so much as talking to the department chair. 

In Pennsylvania, Pennridge School District (Bucks County) has sent out a memo from the assistant superintendent for elementary education stating, in part,

The district is requesting that library books with content regarding gender identity be removed from the current elementary student circulation.

The books will be reviewed for, among other things, "sensitive topics involving foul language, intense violence, gender identity, and graphic sexual content." If the book is slapped with a scarlet C, then it goes in a special library gulag from which students can only get the books with parental permission. If you are a young person with questions, you can't be allowed to look for answers on your own (well, unless, of course, you have encountered the internet).

One of the first books to be pulled under this policy is Heather Has Two Mommies, which includes no violence, graphic sex, or foul language.

That parental control runs through several district policies. No using a preferred name or pronoun without parental permission. And if a student doesn't tell her parents that she's pregnant, then the school will (no clear word on whether the male who helped create the pregnancy will be likewise turned in to his folks). 

I have sympathy with parents who want to be in the loop of their children's lives, but coverage of these policies turns up an example of a story that every single teacher could have predicted, involving student James Peuplie:

In 8th grade, Peuplie asked his teacher to use his proper name and pronouns. The school then asked his mother and father to come in to discuss his gender identity. His father had not previously known Peuplie was transgender.

“A couple of nights later my dad ended up kicking me out,” said Peuplie. “So we had a really big falling out with a really big argument.”

Peuplie and his father then had an argument where the police were involved. He ended up being taken to the hospital and diagnosed with situational depression.

Every teacher knows a story like this one about an LGBTQ student whose home turned out to be an unsafe place for them to be. This is exactly the spot where parental rights and student rights collide, and it is a mistake to declare that parental rights must always take precedence. Parental rights folks often say that the child does not belong to the school, which is absolutely true, because the child does not belong to anybody--including their parents.

Pennridge has its own little Liberty group that has been busy pursuing goals of abolishing critical race theory, promoting patriotism, and standing up for parental rights. They made enough noise to get the district to fold up its Diversity, Equity and Inclusion initiative, as well as getting some Black authors pulled from the curriculum. That became a winning campaign brag to fuel a GOP sweep of the last board election (theme "Parents over Politicians")

The district is 30 miles north of Philadelphia, with an 85% white student body. In 2018, 225 high school students participated in the national student walkout in response to the Marjorie Stoneman Douglass High School murders; the students were given detention. The school board vice-president, a Trump supporter, called them "Marxist truant[s]." That same member, Joan Cullen, was in DC on January 6.

Bucks County is also home to Woke Bucks County, now expanded to Woke PA, whose website (complete with eagle head and stars and stripe shield) declares their work "to reclaim our schools from activists promoting harmful agendas. Through network and coalition building, investigative reporting, litigation, and engagement on local, and state policies, we are fighting indoctrination in the classroom--" Their website offers yet another chance to turn in anonymous tips about awful things that somebody is doing. You can turn those anonymous tips in here. Right here. Any tips at all. 

So the district is getting plenty of noisy pressure from one set of parents, and now other parents are also speaking up against the district's anti-LGBTQ message, and the region is politically hot. But that kind of political heat in a community translates into a deep, frosty chill in classrooms where everything remotely approaching an uncomfortable topic is ignored, erased, and silenced--even if that happens to involve the lives of actual students. 

Who Do The Leaders Follow (Twitter Edition)

Warning: If you are completely unimpressed and disinterested when it comes to Twitter, this post is probably not for you.

It was an offhand Tweet that I read, but it got me thinking and checking, and sure enough-- the current Secretary of Education does not follow a single working teacher. Or even, really, a person in education. 

Now yes--before we dig into this, I totally get that social media accounts are most likely run by lowly interns. Not only that, but given what we've seen in previous administrations, it's probably just as well that people in office aren't using social media personally because apparently that's a bad way to run things. 

Still, let's look.

@SecCardona only follows 39 accounts (38 technically, because one of the accounts he follows is his old civilian account--@teachcardona). They are virtually all work-related fellow bureaucrats and administration officials--other cabinet secretaries, etc--plus things like the CDC and WHO, and a couple of news-ish shows (GMA and New Day). 

And while he's racked up 1,547 tweets since February, they mostly read like tweet versions of press releases, and he seems to never actually reply to anything posted by someone else. Which, given the folks he follows, is unsurprising.

So if he's got his finger on the pulse of working educators, it's not through Twitter (which, I hasten to add, is not an indefensible stance because Twitter's overall pulse is kind of thready and bitter). Our secretary of education does not follow any actual teachers.

While I was there, I figured why not check some others.

@usedgov (the Department of Education) is also very businesslike, mostly following other departments, government-related organizations, with a few curves thrown in. The 154 follows include @EdWeekTeacher, @WeAreTeachers, @TeachForAmerica, @TeachtoLead and @rweingarten.

@FLOTUS is a pretty quiet account that follows 5 and has 278 tweets. @DrBiden has been on Twitter since January 2017 and only has 960 tweets. She follows 22 in an odd assortment that includes Cher, Taye Diggs and Tara Westover.

@JoeBiden follows 48 accounts, including some archived one. Mostly political except for Lady Gaga and Chrissy Tiegen. 

AFT president @rweingarten follows almost 4,000 people--it's a very eclectic group, and I don't know how anyone manages to follow more than a few hundred people, but clearly some folks manage. Weingarten has usually maintained a pretty lively Twitter presence. NEA president @BeckyPringle is less plugged in with 631 follows and 2,178 tweets since 2009; it's a small but eclectic group. Both presidents follow an assortment of activists, leaders, and regular teachers.

This is a small data point and not particularly deeply significant (here at the Institute it is not our goal to shake the earth every single day). The education corners of Twitter have their own sets of issues, but it is an easy place to find out what actual teachers are actually saying. That only works if you (or your interns) are there. 

PA: State Argues Great Education Only For A Few

There's a big court case currently unfolding in Pennsylvania court; several school districts and some parents are suing over the state's funding formula, arguably one of the worst in the nation. And one lawyer for the defense is saying the quiet parts out loud.

The central issue is the question of just how much responsibility the state has to provide a quality education for every child. Many state constitutions seem to suggest the answer is "a lot," but when dragged into court over the issue. states often make... other arguments. The Philadelphia Inquirer caught a fairly telling exchange

In questioning the superintendent of a rural school district, a lawyer for Senate President Pro Tempore Jake Corman repeatedly asked why the state’s academic standards mattered for students entering certain professions.

“What use would a carpenter have for biology?” asked John Krill of Matthew Splain, superintendent of the Otto-Eldred School District in McKean County and president of the board of directors of the Pennsylvania Association of Rural and Small Schools, one of the plaintiffs. Splain had said his district’s scores on state standardized tests in biology and other subjects were not acceptable.:

“What use would someone on the McDonald’s career track have for Algebra 1?” Krill continued.

As lawyers for the plaintiffs objected, asking what the relevance was, Krill said that the trial was about whether Pennsylvania was meeting its constitutional obligation to provide a “thorough and efficient” system of education.

“The question in my mind is, thorough and efficient to what end? To serve the needs of the Commonwealth,” Krill said. “Lest we forget, the Commonwealth has many needs. There’s a need for retail workers, for people who know how to flip a pizza crust.”

So, that's pretty clear. The Senate's lawyer argues that education is meant to provide the state with meat widgets, and that each meat widget should know their place in the scheme of things and settle for however little education the state thinks they need to do that job.

There are layers to this dismissal of the state's constitutional obligation, because thanks to the worst rich-poor gap between districts in the country, the students who are getting shafted, who have the crumbling facilities, the underfunded staff, the inadequate resources--in short the education that Krill is arguing should be Good Enough for future pizza flippers--are the students in poor districts. You know--those poor kids who don't need a real education.

Suits like this have been attempted before. In Michigan, students sued the state for providing inadequate education, and the state used similar arguments--just because the law says the state has to provide education doesn't mean they have to provide a good education. One such case, hinging on "de minimis" (aka "the least you can get away with doing") ended inconclusively (while also providing another demonstration of just how little Betsy DeVos understands about how education works and how vouchers would not serve students in real need). As Rick Hess (AEI) has often noted, you can compel people to do something, but you can't compel them to do it well.

That holds true for states where this legal battle has been won. The court can find that the legislature owes public education more money, but then the legislature can just... not do anything about it. Washington went through this and the court fined the government $100K per day. This year, the court in North Carolina has been wrangling with a legislature that refused to follow a court-mandated spending plan.

So even if you manage to win this kind of case, that doesn't mean things get any better.

At the same time, though, it's really striking to see legislators and their hired guns saying the quiet part out loud--we don't really have a state-level commitment to an excellent education and we don't want to use tax dollars to educate Those Peoples' Children because all we need from them is the ability to serve us pizza and collect our garbage. If they want a great education, they should not have decided to be poor.

ICYMI: Feast Of Stephen Edition (12/26)

 Yes, that's today. Sing "Good King Wenceslas," the only good Feast of Stephen carol I know of.  The list is a little short this week because so many of us have been busy. 

Death Threats And Doxxing

How all this anti-mask, anti-crt stuff is playing out at actual school districts--in this case, in Texas.

The Decline of Standardized Testing

Quick Axios explainer in the wake of Harvard's dumping of the SAT and ACT scores. 

Theocrats are coming for the school board

If you know folks in the evangelical conservative Christian world, you've been hearing the refrain "We have to take back schools" for ages. Meet some of the groups currently interested in actually making that happen. From Salon.

I Love Teaching, But...

Steven Singer saying what many teachers are thinking (and saying, and acting on).

16 charts about schools in 2021

From the actual j0ournalism side of The 74, an article for all of us chart fans, some curious details from the year in graphic form.

How a Wisconsin tribe helped launch a MAGA charter school

Great piece from Ruth Coniff at the Wisconsin examiner, looking at a tribal college that is stealing a page from the Michigan playbook. Small college with financial issues? Just start authorizing charter schools any old place around the state founded for any old reason, and start pocketing your percentage. Particularly striking in this case, as the charter being authorized features a view of history that is not exactly respectful of the Native American story.

Data Queen Guidera to be Next VA Ed Secretary

The indispensable Mercedes Schneider has the scoop on Virginia's next education chief. Spoiler alert: it's not looking good.

Beware of "evidence-based" preschool curricula

Peter Gray at Psychology Today reminding us to look at the research behind the "evidence" because some of it sucks.

Anti-mask parents not constitutionally allowed to change school rules

The Hill brings us news of a case decided in federal court that went against Nevada parents who wanted to change school mask mandates.

Pirates, Profiteers and Privatizers

Thomas Ultican with a look at all three. Or rather, the one movement that combines them all.

Ayn Rand writes Rudolph the Red-nosed Reindeer

McSweeney's with yet another deep cut literary lampoon. "They hate you, Rudolph. They hate you for your strength."

Okay, maybe the list isn't so short after all. Also, this week over at Forbes I looked at the PA lawsuit laying bare just how badly funded the state's schools are. 

Merry Christmas

 Every year I update my youtube playlist of things that are (mostly) off the beaten Yuletide musical path, not to be contrarian, but because 1) I like them and 2) it's as good a time as any to reflect on what a wide a varied species we are, and the many ways we express that.

And if you're more of a Spotify type, here is a playlist from my family. All the aunts and uncles and cousins and etc etc contributed some music, and I attempted to arrange it in a coherent-ish order

So there's some music to add to your day. If Christmas is your thing, have a great day. And if it isn't your thing, have a great day. Merry Christmas and Happy Holidays to one and all.

FL: Another Assault On Education

Florida owns the Number One spot on the Public Education Hostility Index, but Governor Ron DeSantis is not willing to rest on his laurels. You may have already heard about this, or you may have passed over the news because it's Florida, but some bad news needs to be repeated, particularly when it comes from the state that launches so many of the bad trends in education.

DeSantis has borrowed from Texas, where a new abortion ban has come up with a clever way to circumvent rules about what a state can and cannot enforce. Now upheld by SCOTUS, the law makes every citizen a bounty hunter, with the right for "anyone to sue anyone" suspected of being in any way involved in an abortion (in a rare display to restraint, Texas exempts the woman getting the abortion from the civil liability). 

The idea of insulating the state is not new to education privatization efforts. Part of the reasoning behind education savings accounts is that it let's the state say, "What? We didn't give taxpayer dollars to a private religious institution. We just gave the money to a scholarship organization (and they gave it to the private religious school). Totally not a First Amendment violation."

So here comes DeSantis with his "Stop WOKE Act" (as in "Wrongs to Our Kids and Employees"-- some staffer was up late working on that one). This is legislation he'll "push for" because of course a governor doesn't propose legislation--he just orders it up from his party in the legislature. 

The proposal comes wrapped in lots of rhetoric about the evils of "critical race theory," which DeSantis defines broadly and bluntly:

Nobody wants this crap, OK? This is an elite-driven phenomenon being driven by bureaucratic elites, elites in universities and elites in corporate America and they’re trying to shove it down the throats of the American people. You’re not doing that in the state of Florida.

Along with vague rhetoric about learning to hate America, DeSantis brought in crt panic shill Christopher Rufo for his pep rally. And of course he trotted out some highly selective Martin Luther King Jr. quotage, because, hey, he's totally not racist.

But the highlight here is creating a "private right of action" for parents, an actual alleged civil rights violation. Anyone who thinks their kid is being taught critical race theory can sue (and this will apply to workplace training as well). Parents who win even get to collect attorney's fees, meaning they can float these damn lawsuits essentially for free-- watch for Florida's version of Edgar Snyder--attorneys advertising "there's no charge unless we get money for you."

Allowing parents to file lawsuits would have the effect of making the operating definition of crt even vaguer--it's whatever Pat and Sam's mom thinks it is. You can say that using a bad definition that loses the lawsuit would limit this vaguery, but that misses the point--the school would still have to defend itself in court, costing money and time.

This is a perfectly designed plan for chilling discussion in Florida schools. The instant this bad idea becomes a law, I promise that a non-zero number of Florida school administrators will, via meeting or memo, tell their staffs "We can't afford to be sued by every crazy racist family in the district, so as of now, no teachers will discuss anything having to do with race at all, ever." This is really beyond just a chill--this law would be a deep freeze. 

Class With Dr. Deepfake

The MIT Media Lab gas something to show us.

Yikes. The video shows old pictures being brought "to life." Here's Einstein "talking" with a voice barely escaping cartoon German scientist territory, Van Gogh with a mystery accent, and Mona Lisa not actually saying, "It's a-me, Mario!"

While MIT acknowledges the potential for harm of deepfakery and AI animatronics, I'm not sure they really get it. The "technology can be used for positive purposes--to revive Albert Einstein to teach a physics class, talk through a career change with your older self, or anonymize people while preserving facial communication."

I don't really know how that second one could possibly work, and I'll give them the one about anonymizing people--basically AI-supported catfishing so you can build face-to-face trust while still hiding yourself--could have some limited useful applications (could totally reinvent the confessional).

But that first one? No. Because Albert Einstein is not going to teach a physics class. Some programmer, using an AInimated image of a face is going to teach a class. The level of non-understanding teaching here is pretty severe, the notion that it is just delivering some information through a conduit that doesn't even rise to the level of straight lecture. In this class, you won't get Einstein's actual voice, mannerisms, movement--but you'll be encouraged by the software to imagine that you are getting all those things. Can Fake Einstein respond to questions, comments, inquiries, and can he do it with the same incisive intelligence that Real Einstein would have? 

Of course not--and that reveals some of the hubris here. These guys aren't imagining using AInimated faces to fill in for a mediocre lecturer of simple material in a low-level course--no, they want us to imagine that they can use software to reproduce one of the greatest minds in human history. Really, they're further ahead with Talking Mona Lisa, who's creating a voice and mannerisms out of whole cybercloth. We're talking about plain old Making Shit Up--but with a computer, so that makes it really cool and legit. Talking paintings that explain themselves might be cute, and at least not give the impression that we are seeing a real thing.

The "product" is marked with a traceable, human-readable watermark "to help prevent its malicious use." Won't do anything to help with well-meaning but not-good use. 

I used to joke that I would never retire, but that when I died I'd have my body stuffed and mounted with added animatronics and a library of my old lessons, and I'd just stay in the classroom forever. Now it appears that my vision was too limited--just using my picture, programmers could replace me with AInimation that might not sound, think, or act like me, but would still have my face. There are probably some non-terrible applications of this, but it is still some creepy stuff.